Cov kws tshawb fawb muaj thawj zaug bioengineered tib neeg lub pob ntseg siv 3D luam ntawv txheej txheem uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev hloov pob txha.
Cornea yog tus Pob tshab dome-zoo li tus txheej txheej ntawm lub qhov muag. Lub cornea yog thawj lub lens uas lub teeb dhau mus ua ntej tsoo lub retina tom qab ntawm lub qhov muag. Cornea plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsom pom kev pom los ntawm kev xa cov teeb pom kev zoo. Nws kuj tseem muab kev tiv thaiv rau peb lub qhov muag thiab kev puas tsuaj lossis kev raug mob tuaj yeem ua rau qhov muag tsis pom kev thiab txawm tias qhov muag tsis pom. Raws li WHO, nyob ib ncig ntawm 10 lab tus tib neeg thoob ntiaj teb xav tau kev phais kom tiv thaiv lub qhov muag qhov muag uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob xws li trachoma lossis qee qhov. qhov muag tsis meej pem. Tsib lab tus tib neeg raug kev txom nyem los ntawm tag nrho qhov muag tsis pom tshwm sim los ntawm kev caws pliav ntawm lub cornea vim yog kub hnyiab, puas los yog lwm yam mob. Tsuas yog kev kho mob rau lub cornea puas yog tau txais a lub qhov muag ntshav hloovTxawm li cas los xij, kev xav tau ntau tshaj qhov khoom siv hauv pob txha hloov pauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau yam kev pheej hmoo / teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov lub pob corneal nrog rau qhov muag kab mob, kev siv stitches thiab lwm yam. Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias qee zaum cov ntaub so ntswg (pob txha) raug tsis lees paub tom qab kev hloov pauv lawm. Qhov no yog qhov xwm txheej tsis txaus ntseeg thiab txawm tias tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim hauv 5 txog 30 feem pua cov neeg mob.
Thawj 3D luam tawm tib neeg cornea
Hauv kev tshawb fawb luam tawm hauv Kev Tshawb Fawb Qhov Muag, cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Newcastle University, UK muaj rau lub sijhawm siv cov txheej txheem peb-dimensional (3D) luam ntawv los tsim lossis 'tsim' cornea rau tib neeg lub qhov muag thiab qhov no tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tau txais pob kws rau kev hloov pauv. Siv cov cuab yeej tsim 3D bioprinting zoo, cov kws tshawb fawb siv cov qia hlwb (ntawm tib neeg cornea) los ntawm ib tug noj qab nyob zoo pub cornea thiab lawv tov nrog alginate thiab collagen los tsim ib tug daws uas yuav tsum tau luam tawm. Cov tshuaj no hu ua bio-ink yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev luam ntawv txhua yam hauv 3D. Bioprinting yog ib qho kev txuas ntxiv ntawm kev luam ntawv 3D ib txwm muaj tab sis siv rau cov khoom siv roj ntsha thiab yog vim li cas bio-ink yuav tsum tau siv los hloov uas yog suav nrog "cov qauv ntawm tes". Lawv cov gel tshwj xeeb - suav nrog alginate thiab collagen- muaj peev xwm ua kom cov qia hlwb muaj sia thiab tib lub sijhawm tsim cov khoom siv uas ruaj khov txaus kom nyob twj ywm hauv cov duab tab sis tseem yog mos kom tau nyem tawm ntawm lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau siv lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D yooj yooj yim, pheej yig, uas bio-ink uas lawv tau npaj tau ua tiav hauv cov voj voog concentric los tsim lub dome-puab ntawm ib qho. Artificial cornea. Qhov txawv 'kho duab' ntawm lub cornea tau ua tiav uas ua rau txoj kev tshawb no ua tiav. Cov txheej txheem luam ntawv no siv sijhawm tsawg dua 10 feeb. Cov qia hlwb ces pom tias yuav loj hlob.
Puas tau txij thaum muaj koob meej ntawm 3D bioprinting tau nce siab, cov kws tshawb fawb tau nrhiav kom pom qhov zoo tshaj plaws zoo tshaj plaws bio-ink rau ua tau thiab ua tau zoo ntawm pob kws. Cov pab pawg no ntawm Newcastle University tau ua tus thawj coj thiab ua tiav nws. Tib pab pawg ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tau qhia ua ntej tias lawv khaws cov cell ciaj sia rau ob peb lub lis piam ntawm chav tsev kub hauv ib qho yooj yim gel ntawm alginate thiab collagen. Nrog rau txoj kev tshawb fawb no lawv tau muaj peev xwm hloov cov pob txha siv tau nrog cov hlwb uas tseem tshuav ntawm 83 feem pua rau ib lub lis piam. Yog li, cov ntaub so ntswg tuaj yeem luam tawm yam tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb seb lawv puas yuav loj hlob los yog tsis (xws li nyob twj ywm) vim tias ob qho tib si ua tiav hauv tib qhov nruab nrab.
Ua rau tus neeg mob tshwj xeeb cornea
Cov kws tshawb fawb kuj tau qhia hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb no tias cornea tuaj yeem tsim kom haum rau txhua tus neeg mob qhov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb. Ua ntej, tus neeg mob lub qhov muag raug tshuaj xyuas uas tsim cov ntaub ntawv kom haum rau 'luam cornea' rau cov duab thiab qhov loj me. Dimensions yog muab los ntawm qhov tseeb cornea nws tus kheej uas ces ua rau luam ntawv zoo heev thiab ua tau. 3D tshuab luam ntawv tau raug sim hauv kev tsim khoom dag lub plawv thiab lwm yam ntaub so ntswg. Cov ntaub so ntswg tiaj tus tau tsim yav dhau los tab sis raws li cov kws sau ntawv, qhov no yog thawj zaug 'zoo li' corneas tau tsim. Txawm hais tias txoj kev no tseem xav tau kev noj qab haus huv pub dawb cornea, qia hlwb tau siv los ua kom loj hlob mus rau ntau lub hlwb hauv cov pob txha pob txha. Ib lub cornea noj qab nyob zoo yuav tsis yog 'hloov' ib qho kev puas tsuaj tab sis peb tuaj yeem loj hlob txaus hlwb los ntawm ib lub pob kws pub dawb los luam 50 lub pob kws dag. Qhov no yuav yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li kev hloov pauv ib zaug xwb.
Yav tom ntej
Txoj kev tshawb no tseem nyob rau theem ua ntej thiab 3D luam corneas yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam ntxiv. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau hais tias lawv txoj haujlwm yuav siv sijhawm li ob peb xyoos ua ntej xws li cov pob txha pob txha tuaj yeem siv rau kev hloov pauv vim tias kev sim tsiaj thiab tib neeg tseem yuav tau ua. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas yog tias cov khoom siv no ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab xav tau kev kho kom zoo. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau ntseeg siab ntawm cov pob txha pob txha pob txha no kom muaj rau kev siv tau hauv 5 xyoo tom ntej. Muaj 3D tshuab luam ntawv tsis muaj teeb meem tam sim no vim nws pheej yig thiab bioprinting tau tshwm sim zoo thiab tej zaum yuav muaj cov txheej txheem txheej txheem muaj nyob rau ob peb xyoos. Kev tsom xam ntxiv tam sim no mus rau kev siv cov qia hlwb los tsim kho lossis hloov cov ntaub so ntswg puas thaum lub sij hawm luam ntawv ntawm txoj kev yog feem ntau streamlined.
Txoj kev tshawb no yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev daws teeb meem uas tuaj yeem muab peb cov khoom siv tsis txwv ntawm pob kws rau kev hloov pauv thoob ntiaj teb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm ib lub tuam txhab Italian tab tom xav txog qhov kawg ntawm kev tsim '3D luam tawm ob lub qhov muag' uas yuav tsim tau zoo ib yam los ntawm kev siv tus cwj mem bio-ink uas muaj peev xwm ua kom pom tseeb lub hlwb xav tau los hloov cov uas pom nyob rau hauv lub ntuj tsim ntawm lub qhov muag. . Cov bio-inks tuaj yeem sib txawv hauv ntau qhov sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Lawv tab tom npaj kom muaj cov "cov ntsej muag cuav" no hauv kev ua lag luam los ntawm 2027. Txoj kev tshawb no tau tsim cov ntaub ntawv siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov pob txha pob txha thiab tau hais txog bioprinting raws li kev daws teeb meem rau lub cev thiab cov nqaij mos.
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{Koj tuaj yeem nyeem cov ntawv tshawb fawb thawj zaug los ntawm nyem rau ntawm DOI qhov txuas tau muab hauv qab no hauv cov npe ntawm cov khoom raug suav nrog}
Qhov (s)
Isaacson A et al. 2018. 3D bioprinting ntawm corneal stroma sib npaug. Kev Tshawb Fawb Qhov Muag.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2018.05.010
