Txoj kev tshawb no piav qhia txog qhov tshiab txhua-perovskite tandem hnub ci cell uas muaj peev xwm muab pheej yig thiab muaj txiaj ntsig txoj hauv kev siv lub hnub ci zog los tsim hluav taws xob hluav taws xob
Peb qhov kev cia siab rau qhov tsis yog txuas ntxiv dua tshiab zog hu ua fossil fuels xws li thee, roj, roj tau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau tib neeg thiab ib puag ncig. Kev kub hnyiab ntawm fossil fuels ntxiv rau lub tsev cog khoom thiab ua rau lub ntiaj teb sov sov, rhuav tshem cov chaw nyob, ua rau huab cua, dej thiab av muaj kuab paug thiab cuam tshuam rau pej xeem kev noj qab haus huv. Nws muaj qhov xav tau ceev los tsim cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo uas tuaj yeem pab tau hwj chim lub ntiaj teb no siv lub zog huv si. Hnub ci zog thev naus laus zis yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo li no uas muaj peev xwm siv lub hnub ci - lub zog txuas ntxiv dua tshiab tshaj plaws - thiab hloov mus rau hauv hluav taws xob lossis lub zog. Qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm hnub ci lub zog hais txog kev pab tib neeg thiab ib puag ncig tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhawb nqa kev siv hnub ci zog.
Silicon yog cov khoom siv feem ntau los ua hnub ci cell hauv solar panels uas muaj nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam niaj hnub no. Cov txheej txheem photovoltaic ntawm hnub ci cov hlwb tuaj yeem hloov lub hnub ci mus rau hauv hluav taws xob yam tsis tas siv roj ntxiv. Tsim thiab efficiency ntawm silicon hnub ci panels tau txhim kho zoo nyob rau ntau xyoo lawm vim kev nce qib hauv kev tsim khoom thiab thev naus laus zis. Photovoltaic efficiency ntawm a hnub ci cell txhais tau tias yog ib feem ntawm lub zog uas yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tshav ntuj thiab uas yuav hloov mus rau hauv hluav taws xob. Photovoltaic efficiency thiab tag nrho cov nqi yog ob lub ntsiab limiting yam nyob rau hauv hnub ci panels hnub no.
Sib nrug los ntawm silicon hnub ci hlwb, tandem hnub ci cov hlwb kuj muaj nyob rau hauv cov hlwb tshwj xeeb uas tau siv los ua kom zoo rau txhua ntu ntawm Sun's spectrum yog li ua rau kom muaj txiaj ntsig tag nrho. Ib yam khoom hu ua perovskites yog suav tias zoo dua li silicon hauv absorbing high-zog xiav photons los ntawm lub hnub ci piv txwv li lwm feem ntawm lub hnub lub spectrum. Perovskites yog cov khoom siv polycrystalline (feem ntau methylammonium lead trihalide (CH3NH3PbX3, qhov twg X yog iodine, bromine lossis chlorine atom). sab saum toj uas tuaj yeem nqus tau daj, liab thiab ze ntawm infrared photons nrog rau perovskite hlwb yog li yuav luag ob npaug ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tshiab luam tawm nyob rau hauv Science Nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 3 cov kws tshawb fawb muaj thawj zaug tsim tag nrho cov perovskites tandem hnub ci hlwb uas muab kev ua haujlwm txog li 25 feem pua. Cov khoom no yog hu ua lead-tin mix low-band gap perovskite film ((FASnI3)0.6 MAPbI3)0.4; FA rau foramidinium thiab MA rau methylammonium). Tin muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm reacting nrog oxygen los ntawm huab cua tsim qhov tsis xws luag hauv crystalline lattice uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev txav ntawm hluav taws xob hauv lub hnub ci cell li limiting cell efficiency. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav pom ib txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv tin hauv perovskite los ntawm kev ua pa nrog oxygen. Lawv siv cov tshuaj lom neeg hu ua guanidinium thiocyanate los txhim kho cov qauv thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo ntawm cov hlau lead-tin sib xyaw qis-band sib txawv perovskite films. Lub compound guanidinium thiocyanate coats perovskite crystallites nyob rau hauv lub hnub ci absorbing zaj duab xis yog li tiv thaiv cov pa oxygen nkag mus rau sab hauv kom hnov mob nrog tin. Qhov no ncaj qha txhim khu kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hnub ci ntawm 18 mus rau 20 feem pua. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum cov khoom siv tshiab no tau ua ke nrog kev siv cov khoom siv high-absorbing top perovskite txheej, qhov ua tau zoo ntxiv mus rau 25 feem pua.
Txoj kev tshawb fawb tam sim no piav qhia txog thawj zaug tsim ntawm tandem solar cells siv tag nrho cov perovskite nyias-zaj duab xis thiab cov thev naus laus zis no tuaj yeem muaj ib hnub hloov silicon hauv lub hnub ci. Cov khoom siv tshiab yog cov khoom zoo, yog pheej yig thiab nws cov fabrication yog yooj yim dua thaum tus nqi qis piv rau silicon thiab silicon-perovskites tandem hlwb. Perovskites yog cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom piv rau silicon thiab perovskites raws li lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog hloov tau, hnav, thiab ib nrab pob tshab. Txawm hais tias cov khoom siv tam sim no yuav siv qee lub sijhawm kom dhau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm silicon-perovskite thev naus laus zis. Txawm li cas los xij, perovskite-raws li polycrystalline films muaj peev xwm tsim tandem hnub ci hlwb uas tuaj yeem muab kev ua tau zoo txog li 30 feem pua thaum ua kom lwm yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yog xav tau los ua kom cov khoom muaj zog, ruaj khov thiab rov ua dua tshiab kom txo tau qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig. Hnub ci hluav taws xob sector yog ib qho ntawm kev loj hlob sai tshaj plaws thiab lub hom phiaj kawg yog txhawm rau nrhiav pom lwm txoj hauv kev zoo rau lub zog huv.
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{Koj tuaj yeem nyeem cov ntawv tshawb fawb thawj zaug los ntawm nyem rau ntawm DOI qhov txuas tau muab hauv qab no hauv cov npe ntawm cov khoom raug suav nrog}
Qhov (s)
Tong J. et al. 2019 Cov neeg nqa khoom lub neej ntawm> 1 μs hauv Sn-Pb perovskites ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tag nrho-perovskite tandem hnub ci hlwb. Science, 364 (6439). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav7911
