Kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov qauv pob zeb uas twb muaj lawm hauv Sample Analysis ntawm Mars (SAM) ntsuas, ib lub chaw sim me me nyob rau hauv Curiosity rover tau nthuav tawm muaj cov organic tebchaw loj tshaj plaws nyob rau Mars mus txog hnub tim. Pab pawg tshawb fawb tau tshawb pom muaj cov saw ntev alkanes decane (C10H22), ua tsis taus pa (C11H24), thiab dodecane (C12H26) uas yog cov seem ntawm fatty acids undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, thiab tridecanoic acid, feem ntau khaws cia hauv cov qauv. Lub hauv paus ntawm cov molecules tsis tuaj yeem lees paub vim tias cov roj fatty acids tuaj yeem yog los ntawm cov tshuaj abiotic lossis cov khoom siv roj ntsha.
Martian organic molecules tau thawj zaug pom tseeb hauv xyoo 2015 hauv cov qauv npe hu ua "Cumberland". Qhov kev tshawb pom tam sim no ntawm cov saw ntev hydrocarbons decane, undecane, thiab dodecane tau ua los siv tib tus qauv. Nws yog qhov ua tau tias cov qauv muaj cov kab sib txuas ntev ntev uas cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem lom neeg. Tab sis cov rover mini-lab tsis tau kho kom zoo los kuaj xyuas cov roj ntsha ntev dua.
Tus qauv "Cumberland," tau xyaum los ntawm Kev Xav rover xyoo 2013 los ntawm thaj chaw hauv Mars 'Gale Crater hu ua "Yellowknife Bay" uas yog qhov chaw ntawm lub pas dej qub. Cov qauv no tau kawm ob peb zaug nrog Sample Analysis ntawm Mars (SAM) mini-lab siv cov txheej txheem sib txawv. Nws tau pom tias muaj cov nplua nuj hauv av nplaum, sulfur, nitrates, thiab methane.
Kev tshawb pom ntawm cov saw hlau ntev dua hydrocarbon seem ntawm fatty acids qhia tias prebiotic chemistry ntawm Mars yuav tau nce ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, kev lees paub ntawm lub neej ntawm Mars yuav xav tau rov qab los ntawm Mars cov qauv rau lub ntiaj teb rau kev tsom xam tob. Qhov kev tshawb pom tam sim no txhim kho qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tshawb pom ntawm biosignatures ntawm lub neej ntawm Mars siv cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo thaum cov qauv xa rov qab mus rau lub ntiaj teb yav tom ntej.
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References:
- NASA Xov Xwm Tshaj Tawm - NASA's Curiosity Rover Tshawb Pom Cov Organic Molecules loj tshaj plaws pom nyob rau Mars. Tshaj tawm 24 Lub Peb Hlis 2025. Muaj nyob ntawm https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasas-curiosity-rover-detects-largest-organic-molecules-found-on-mars/
- Freissinet C., et al 2025. Long-chain alkanes preserved in a Martian mudstone, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 122 (13) e2420580122, Published 24 March 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2420580122
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 instrument, a mini laboratory onboard the Curiosity rover has revealed presence of the largest organic compounds on Mars to date. The research team detected presence of long chain alkanes decane (C10H22), undecane (C11H24), and dodecane (C12H26) which were remnants of the fatty acids undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, and tridecanoic acid, respectively preserved in the sample. The source of the molecules cannot be confirmed as the fatty acids may have originated from either abiotic or biological sources.){kind=link}