Fusion Zog: EAST Tokamak hauv Suav teb ua tiav Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb

Kev sim Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) nyob rau hauv Suav teb tau ua tiav kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov hauv lub xeev siab kaw ntshav rau 1,066 vib nas this tawg nws tus kheej cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej ntawm 403 vib nas this ua tiav xyoo 2023.   

Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 20, 2025, Kev Tshawb Fawb Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) chaw nyob hauv Suav teb (nrov npe hu ua Tuam Tshoj's 'artificial sun') tau ua tiav kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov hauv lub xeev siab rau 1,066 vib nas this. Lub sijhawm ntawm 1,066 vib nas this yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb fusion; yog li no qhov kev ua tiav no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev nrhiav kev tsim hluav taws xob fusion. Lub chaw EAST tau ua dhau los ua haujlwm ruaj khov hauv lub xeev siab plasma ua haujlwm rau 403 vib nas this hauv xyoo 2023. Txhawm rau tso cai rau cov fusion nuclear, cov chaw tswj fusion yuav tsum ncav cuag qhov kub thiab txias tshaj 100 lab ℃ thaum tswj kev ua haujlwm ntev mus ntev.  

Qhov Kev Tshawb Fawb Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) chaw nyob hauv Suav teb tau pib ua haujlwm hauv xyoo 2007. Qhov no yog cov cuab yeej tokamak thiab tau ua haujlwm qhib kev sim platform rau cov kws tshawb fawb los ua fusion-txog kev sim thiab kev tshawb fawb txij li thaum nws pib ua haujlwm.  

EAST tokamak ntaus ntawv zoo ib yam li ITER hauv cov duab thiab sib npaug tab sis me dua, tsis tau hloov pauv ntau. Nws muaj peb yam tshwj xeeb: tsis yog lub voj voog hla ntu, tag nrho cov hlau nplaum superconducting thiab tag nrho cov dej txias plasma ntsib cov khoom (PFCs). Nws tau ua tiav qhov kev vam meej hauv kev sib nqus sib nqus mus kom ze ntawm nuclear fusion, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv tawg plasma kub. 

Kev siv cov hlau nplaum kom kaw thiab tswj ntshav ntshav yog ib qho ntawm ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb kom ncav cuag cov xwm txheej hnyav uas xav tau rau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm nuclear. Tokamak cov cuab yeej siv cov khoom sib nqus los ua kom muaj cua sov thiab kaw qhov kub ntawm cov ntshav plasma. ITER yog qhov project tokamak loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Raws li nyob rau hauv St. Paul-lez-Durance nyob rau yav qab teb Fabkis, ITER yog lub hom phiaj tshaj plaws fusion zog kev koom tes ntawm 35 lub teb chaws. Nws siv lub nplhaib torus (los yog cov khoom siv sib nqus sib nqus) txhawm rau txhawm rau fusion roj rau lub sijhawm ntev ntawm qhov kub txaus rau fusion ignition los ua qhov chaw. Zoo li ITER, STEP fusion program ntawm United Kingdom yog raws li kev sib nqus ntawm cov ntshav plasma siv tokamak. Txawm li cas los xij, tokamak ntawm STEP qhov kev pab cuam yuav zoo li tus kheej kheej (tsis yog ITER's donut shaped). Ib tug spherical tokamak yog compact, nqi zoo thiab tej zaum yuav yooj yim rau scale.   

Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) yog lwm txoj hauv kev kom ua tiav cov xwm txheej hnyav uas yuav tsum tau muaj rau nuclear fusion. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, huab cua fusion yog tsim los ntawm compressing sai thiab cua sov ib qho me me ntawm fusion roj. Lub National Ignition Facility (NIF) ntawm Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) siv cov txheej txheem laser-driven implosion rau implode capsules uas muaj cov roj deuterium-tritium siv cov kab hluav taws xob siab. NIF tsis ntev los no tau ua pov thawj-ntawm-lub tswv yim ntawm txoj hauv kev no uas tswj hwm kev sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem siv los ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub zog.   

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References:  

1. Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS. Xov Xwm - Suav "Artificial Sun" Ua tiav Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tshiab nyob rau hauv ib qho tseem ceeb Milestone rau Fusion Power Generation. Tshaj tawm Lub Ib Hlis 21, 2025. Muaj nyob ntawm https://english.hf.cas.cn/nr/bth/202501/t20250121_899051.html  

2. Kev sim Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). Lus Taw Qhia. Muaj nyob ntawm  http://east.ipp.ac.cn/index/article/info/id/52.html  

3. Zhou C., 2024. Kev sib piv ntawm EAST thiab ITER tokamak. Theoretical thiab Natural Science, 43,162, 167-XNUMX. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/43/20240818  

4. Hu, J., Xi, W., Zhang, J. et al. Tag nrho cov superconducting tokamak: EAST. AAPPS Bull. 33, 8 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43673-023-00080-9  

5. Zheng J., thiab al 2022. Tsis ntev los no kev nce qib hauv Suav fusion kev tshawb fawb raws li superconducting tokamak configuration. Kev tsim kho tshiab. Volume 3, Issue 4, 12 July 2022, 100269. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2022.100269  

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Lwm yam khoom  

1. UK's Fusion Energy Program: Lub tswv yim tsim rau STEP Prototype Fais Fab cog Unveiled (7 Lub Cuaj Hli 2024).  

2. 'Fusion Ignition' tau pom plaub zaug ntawm Lawrence Laboratory (20 Hlis ntuj nqeg 2023) 

3. Fusion Ignition dhau los ua Qhov Tseeb; Zog Breakeven Tau Txais ntawm Lawrence Laboratory (15 Hlis ntuj nqeg 2022) 

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