Kev ntsuam xyuas tau pom tias qee yam txhuas thiab tooj dag cookware leach theem tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau lead (Pb) los ntawm cov khoom siv ua noj rau hauv cov zaub mov. Lead yog tshuaj lom rau tib neeg li zaub mov uas muaj cov hmoov lead ntau tsis zoo rau kev noj. Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, FDA tau ceeb toom tawm tsam kev siv qee yam khoom noj khoom haus ua los ntawm txhuas, tooj dag, thiab txhuas alloys uas tsim los ntawm qee lub tebchaws hauv cov tebchaws tau nyiaj tsawg thiab nruab nrab (LMICs) nrog cov qauv zoo thiab kev tswj xyuas. Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj qhia tias cov khoom siv hlau ib txwm siv los ntawm thoob plaws ntiaj teb tuaj yeem muaj cov hmoov txhuas ntau. Fellows, KM et al (2024) tau soj ntsuam cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txhuas, cov khoom siv tooj dag thiab cov khoom siv hlau tsis muaj steel siv hauv kev ua noj thiab pom tias ntau cov khoom siv txhuas thiab tooj dag cookware muaj ntau tshaj 100 feem ntawm ib lab (ppm) ntawm txhuas. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej simulated, ntau leached Lead (Pb) tshaj qhov kev txwv kev noj haus. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no los ntawm Binkhorst G., et al (2025) tau tshawb xyuas qhov muaj peev xwm ua tau txhuas los ntawm txhuas cov lauj kaub ua noj hauv cov teb chaws qis thiab cov nyiaj tau los nruab nrab (LMICs) thiab pom tias tag nrho cov txhuas cov ntsiab lus hauv cov lauj kaub ua noj nruab nrab yog 1600 ppm thiab tag nrho thiab cov hmoov txhuas txhuas tau zoo sib xws. Qhov no yog qhov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb rau pej xeem kev noj qab haus huv vim tias cov khoom siv ua noj no tau siv dav hauv ntau lub tebchaws thoob ntiaj teb.
FDA tau ceeb toom tawm tsam kev siv qee yam khoom noj khoom haus txawv teb chaws uas ua los ntawm txhuas, tooj dag, thiab txhuas alloys tom qab kuaj pom tias muaj cov hmoov lead (Pb) rau hauv cov zaub mov thaum siv ua noj, yog li ua rau zaub mov tsis zoo. Ib daim ntawv teev cov khoom lag luam cookware tau raug tshaj tawm, thiab cov neeg siv tau qhia kom pov tseg cov khoom lag luam. Cov neeg koom nrog hauv cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov khoom lag luam tau qhia kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom zoo li no.
Lead yog tshuaj lom rau tib neeg thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tib neeg txhua hnub. Txawm tias muaj cov hlau lead tsawg tsawg tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov menyuam hauv plab. Cov menyuam yaus thiab cov menyuam yaus muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua los ua cov tshuaj toxicity.
Nws paub tias cov khoom siv hlau tsoos los ntawm thoob plaws ntiaj teb tuaj yeem muaj cov qib siab ua, uas tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov zaub mov thiab dej qab zib thaum siv los npaj, ua haujlwm lossis khaws khoom noj thiab dej haus. Xyoo tas los, thaum Lub Xya Hli 2024, kev kuaj ntshav cov hlau lead hauv New York City tau txheeb xyuas tus poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab ob tus neeg hauv tsev neeg uas muaj cov ntshav txhuas siab tshaj qhov siv tau ntawm 3.5 µg / dL. Lawv tau siv cov khoom siv tooj liab thiab tooj dag los npaj thiab ua zaub mov thiab dej haus.
Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov hlau lead, Fellows, KM et al (2024) tau soj ntsuam cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txhuas, cov khoom siv tooj dag thiab cov khoom siv hlau stainless siv hauv kev ua noj. Nws tau pom tias ntau cov khoom lag luam aluminium cookware muaj ntau tshaj 100 qhov chaw ntawm ib lab (ppm) ntawm txhuas. Raws li kev simulated ua noj thiab khaws cia, ntau leached lead (Pb) dhau qhov kev txwv tsis pub noj haus. Brass cookpots kuj pom cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws uas ua rau muaj cov hlau lead ntau. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, nthuav, stainless hlau cookware leached ntau tsawg txhuas piv rau txhuas thiab tooj dag.
Nws paub tias hlau cookware uas tsim los ntawm qee cov chav nyob hauv cov teb chaws tau nyiaj tsawg thiab nruab nrab (LMICs) nrog cov qauv zoo thiab kev tswj hwm muaj cov hmoov txhuas ntau. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no los ntawm Binkhorst G., et al (2025) tau tshawb xyuas qhov muaj peev xwm ua rau cov hlau lead raug los ntawm txhuas lub lauj kaub ua noj hauv cov teb chaws tau nyiaj tsawg thiab nruab nrab. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm 113 feem ntau tshiab txhuas lauj kaub los ntawm 25 LMICs qhia tias tag nrho cov txhuas cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub lauj kaub muaj li ntawm <5 ppm mus rau yuav luag 16,000 ppm, nruab nrab ntawm 1600 ppm, nrog rau tag nrho cov txhuas ntau tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub lauj kaub los ntawm Nyab Laj, Pakistan, Indonesia, thiab Is Nrias teb. Leachable lead concentrations ranges ntawm <1–2900 μg / L nruab nrab 100 μg / L tom qab boiling 4% acetic acid rau 2 h. Tag nrho thiab leachable lead concentrations yog kwv yees proportional. Cov lauj kaub ua noj ua los ntawm casting leached proportionally ntau txhuas piv rau wrought pots ua los ntawm dov aluminium. Xws li cov hlau lead ntau tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav siab tshaj qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm 5 μg / dL hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov poj niam hnub nyoog muaj menyuam. Qhov kev pom zoo ntawm cov hlau lead ntau hauv cov khoom siv ua noj yog qhov tseem ceeb txaus rau kev cuam tshuam kev noj qab haus huv rau pej xeem.
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References:
- FDA Teeb Meem Ceeb Toom Txog Cov Khoom Noj Uas Muaj Cov Khoom Uas Muaj Cov Khoom Uas Muaj Lead Lead. Tam sim no los ntawm 13 Lub Yim Hli 2025.Available ntawm https://www.fda.gov/food/alerts-advisories-safety-information/fda-issues-warning-about-imported-cookware-may-leach-lead-august-2025
- Hore P, Alex-Oni K, Sedlar S, Bardhi N, Ehrlich J. Elevated Blood Lead Levels in a Pregnant Woman and her Family from Traditional Kansa (Bronze) and Pital (Brass) Metalware — New York City, 2024. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2025; 74:298–301. 22 maj 2025. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7418a1
- Fellows, KM, Samy, S. & Whittaker, SG Kev ntsuam xyuas hlau cookware raws li qhov chaw ntawm cov hlau lead raug. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 35, 342–350 (2025). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-024-00686-7
- Binkhorst G., et al 2025. Muaj peev xwm raug cov hmoov txhuas los ntawm txhuas lub lauj kaub ua noj hauv cov teb chaws tau nyiaj tsawg thiab nruab nrab. Phau ntawv Journal of Hazardous Materials. Vol. 492, 15 Lub Xya Hli 2025, 138134. DOI: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138134
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 from the cookware used for cooking into food. Lead is toxic to humans hence food with high concentration of lead is unsafe for consumption.){kind=link}