Monkeypox virus (MPXV) muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob me me, tus kab mob tuag coob tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm lub luag haujlwm rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm tib neeg nyob rau ntau pua xyoo dhau los suav nrog kev tuag ntau dua li lwm yam kab mob sib kis, txawm tias kab mob plague thiab kab mob cholera. Nrog rau kev tshem tawm tag nrho ntawm tus kab mob me me li 50 xyoo dhau los thiab kev tso tseg tom qab ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob me me (uas tau muab qee qhov kev tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas zoo ib yam), cov tib neeg tam sim no tau txo qis ntau ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob no. Qhov no piav qhia txog kev nce thiab kis tus kab mob liab liab los ntawm nws cov cheeb tsam nyob hauv Africa mus rau North America, Europe thiab Australia. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntxiv rau kev sib kis los ntawm kev sib raug zoo, muaj qhov qhia tau tias tus kab mob liab kab mob tuaj yeem kis tau los ntawm cov kab mob ua pa (thiab tej zaum yuav luv luv aerosols), lossis los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog cov khoom tsis huv thiab. Qhov xwm txheej no hu kom muaj kev soj ntsuam ntau ntxiv thiab txhim kho cov kev daws teeb meem tshiab los tiv thaiv tus kab mob los ntawm kev sib kis. Qhov kev xav tau tuaj yeem tshwm sim tsis yog los tsim cov cuab yeej kuaj mob tshiab rau kev kuaj pom tus kab mob sai sai, tab sis kuj tseem tsim nyog thiab siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo nrog rau cov kev kho mob. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua raws li cov kab mob immunomodulatory proteins uas cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov lus piav qhia tam sim no tham txog cov kev ntsuas uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis txhob muaj kab mob liab mus corona txoj kev.
thaum Covid-19 Kev sib kis zoo li yuav txo qis, tsawg kawg yog hais txog qhov mob hnyav uas yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob thiab kev tuag, kab mob liab los ntawm tus kab mob monkeypox (MPXV) muaj ntau heev nyob rau hauv cov xov xwm niaj hnub no rau nws thaj chaw dav dav kis los ntawm nws thaj chaw nyob hauv Africa mus rau cov teb chaws hauv North America. , Europe thiab Australia. Txawm hais tias tus kab mob liab tsis yog tus kab mob tshiab los sis nws yog kab mob me me (ib qho ntawm keeb kwm tus kab mob tuag coob tshaj plaws ua rau ntau tshaj 300 lab tus neeg tuag txij li xyoo 1900 ib leeg.(1) uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj tsis sib xws ntawm tib neeg suav nrog kev tuag ntau dua li lwm yam kab mob sib kis, txawm tias kab mob plague thiab kab mob cholera)(2), nws tau tsa lub tswb thoob ntiaj teb ua rau ntau tus xav tias nws yog qhov tshwm sim tom ntej corona-zoo li kev kis thoob qhov txhia chaw nyob ze yav tom ntej tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim qhov tseeb tias tus kab mob pox muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog tus kab mob me me thiab cov tib neeg tam sim no tau txo qis kev tiv thaiv kab mob pox vim kev tshem tawm cov kab mob me me thiab tom qab tso tseg ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob me me uas tau muab qee qhov kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kab mob. monkeypox virus thiab.
Monkeypox virus (MPXV), tus kab mob uas muaj feem xyuam rau cov kab mob me me hauv tib neeg, DNA virus belongs rau tsev neeg Poxviridae thiab Orthopoxviral genus. Nws muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog tus kab mob variola uas ua rau kab mob me me. Monkeypox tus kab mob no kis tau los ntawm tsiaj mus rau tib neeg thiab vice versa. Nws tau pom thawj zaug hauv cov liab hauv xyoo 1958 (li no lub npe monkeypox). Thawj kis ntawm tib neeg tau tshaj tawm xyoo 1970 hauv Congo. Txij thaum ntawd los, nws tau nyob rau thaj chaw hauv Africa. Sab nraud Africa, nws tau tshaj tawm thawj zaug hauv 2003(3). Muaj qhov nce tsis tu ncua ntawm cov neeg mob txij li nws tau tshaj tawm thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1970 los ntawm tsuas yog 47 los ntawm 1970-79 mus rau ib ncig ntawm 9400 tus neeg mob uas tau lees paub hauv xyoo 2021 ib leeg. LEEJ TWG tau txheeb xyuas qhov kev hem thawj los ntawm liab pox li nruab nrab vim tias muaj 2103 tus neeg uas tau lees paub txij lub Ib Hlis 2022 nrog 98% tus neeg mob tshwm sim thaum lub Tsib Hlis thiab Lub Rau Hli 2022.
Monkeypox tuaj yeem dhau los ua kev hem thawj thoob ntiaj teb vim muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob uas tau tshwm sim vim kev tshem tawm cov kab mob me me yuav luag 50 xyoo dhau los. Tsis tas li ntawd, txawm hais tias MPXV muaj qhov hloov pauv qis dua, nws muaj peev xwm kis tau cov kev hloov pauv uas muaj peev xwm kis tau thiab ua rau muaj kab mob hnyav rau tib neeg, vim yog kev xaiv siab. (4). Qhov tseeb, qhov kev tshwm sim tshiab tshaj plaws qhia pom tias muaj cov kev hloov pauv uas ua rau hloov pauv cov proteins uas ua rau MPXV muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kab mob ua rau muaj kev mob nkeeg thiab kev tuag ntawm tib neeg, piv rau kev sib kis dhau los. (4). Lwm qhov kev sib tw ua los ntawm MPXV, uas tau tshwm sim tawm ntawm UK txoj kev kawm (5) Tsis ntev los no, yog tus kab mob ntev ntev tau ntsib los ntawm ntau tus neeg mob vim yog kab mob ua pa sab saud, tom qab ua rau tag nrho cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj peev xwm kis tau tus kab mob los ntawm txham los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog cov tee dej tso tawm. Qhov no qhia tias MPXV muaj peev xwm kis tau txoj kev SARS CoV2 nkag mus rau lub ntiaj teb, los ntawm txoj kev ua pa, yog li ua rau muaj tus kab mob tag nrho. WHO, hauv nws qhov xwm txheej tsis ntev los no hloov tshiab (6) hais tias, ''Kev sib kis ntawm tib neeg mus rau tib neeg tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib ze lossis kev sib cuag ntawm lub cev ncaj qha (piv txwv li, ntsej muag-rau-tawv, tawv nqaij ntawm daim tawv nqaij, qhov ncauj-rau-qhov ncauj, qhov ncauj-rau-tawv nqaij sib cuag nrog rau thaum sib deev) nrog daim tawv nqaij lossis mucous daim nyias nyias uas tau lees paub lossis tsis lees paub qhov kis kab mob xws li mucocutaneous ulcers, cov kua ua pa (thiab tejzaum nws luv luv aerosols), lossis tiv tauj nrog Cov khoom tsis huv (piv txwv li, ntaub pua chaw, ntaub pua chaw, khoom siv hluav taws xob, khaub ncaws)''.
Xav txog qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm qhov xwm txheej kis thoob qhov txhia chaw tau tsim thiab vim muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis ntev los no thiab cov xwm txheej tshwm sim sab nraud Africa, yuav tsum muaj kev soj ntsuam kom siab (txawm tias kev soj ntsuam tam sim no tab sis yuav tsum tau nce qhov qub) thiab cov txheej txheem tshawb nrhiav kom nkag siab. kev sib kis ntawm tus kab mob no rov tshwm sim los txhawm rau tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob kis tus kab mob (3). Qhov tsis muaj kev soj ntsuam thiab kev paub txog tej zaum yuav ua rau muaj kev sib kis thoob ntiaj teb. Vim tias tus kab mob liab yog ib yam kab mob tsis tshua muaj, nws qhov kev kuaj mob tau ua raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov tsos mob (cov qog nqaij hlav o kom paub qhov txawv ntawm tus kab mob liab los ntawm lwm cov kab mob thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim tawv nqaij) thiab kev pom zoo los ntawm histopathology thiab kab mob cais. Xav txog qhov kev sib kis tsis ntev los no thoob plaws ntau lub tebchaws, muaj qhov yuav tsum tau muaj tseeb rau kev tsim cov cuab yeej tshiab molecular diagnostics los kuaj MPVX, ua ntej nws nthuav tawm tag nrho cov kab mob, siv cov kev ntsuas rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab qhia cov tswv yim kho mob uas siv cov tshuaj muaj tam sim no. (5) tiv thaiv kab mob me me nrog rau kev tsim kho tshiab thiab zoo rau MPVX. Ib qho kev xav tau kuj yuav tshwm sim los pib txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob me me dua lossis los ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob zoo dua qub thiab zoo dua rau cov kab mob pox. Lub peev xwm tsim los ntawm cov tuam txhab lag luam thoob ntiaj teb rau kev tsim tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kev tsim khoom los ntawm tus kab mob corona yuav muaj peev xwm tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshiab sai sai tiv thaiv MPXV thiab tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv MPXV mus rau txoj kev corona.
Qhov tshiab molecular diagnostics tuaj yeem ua raws li kev tshawb pom ntawm tus kab mob coded immunomodulatory proteins (7) xws li IFN gamma binding protein gene uas muaj rau txhua tus kab mob orthopoxviruses(8). Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kho mob tuaj yeem tsim kho (ob qho tib si me me thiab cov protein raws li) tsom rau IFN gamma binding protein los ntawm tus kab mob liab pox uas cuam tshuam IFN gamma signaling. IFN gamma binding protein kuj tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sib tw txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pox.
Nws zoo nkaus li tias kev tshem tawm tag nrho ntawm Smallpox tsis yog lub tswv yim zoo. Qhov tseeb, kev kis kab mob tuaj yeem tso cai nyob rau hauv qhov tsis muaj teeb meem qis tshaj plaws hauv cov pej xeem kom muaj kev tiv thaiv tsawg kawg nkaus. Tej zaum, tsis tshem tawm ib qho kab mob tag nrho tuaj yeem yog qhov kev xav zoo ntawm lub tswv yim !!!
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29198/scieu/2206231
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