Ob tug kab mob henipaviruses, Hendra tus kab mob no (HeV) and the Nipah tus kab mob no (NiV) twb paub tias ua rau mob tuag taus rau tib neeg. Tam sim no, tus kab mob henipavirus tshiab tau raug txheeb xyuas hauv cov neeg mob febrile nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Suav teb. Qhov no yog phylogenetically txawv hom ntawm henipavirus thiab tau hu ua Langya henipavirus (LayV). Cov neeg mob muaj keeb kwm tsis ntev los no ntawm kev raug tsiaj, yog li qhia txog tsiaj mus rau tib neeg. Qhov no zoo li yog ib qho tshiab tshwm sim tus kab mob no uas muaj kev cuam tshuam rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv.
Hendra tus kab mob no (HeV) and the Nipah tus kab mob no (NiV), belongs rau genus Henipavirus nyob rau hauv lub tus kab mob no Tsev neeg Paramyxoviridae tau tshwm sim yav dhau los tsis ntev los no. Ob leeg muaj lub luag haujlwm rau cov kab mob tuag taus hauv tib neeg thiab tsiaj txhu. Lawv genome muaj ib leeg-stranded RNA ncig los ntawm ib lub hnab ntawv ntawm lipid.
Hendra tus kab mob no (HeV) tau pom thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1994-95 los ntawm kev tshwm sim hauv Hendra suburb hauv Brisbane, Australia thaum ntau tus nees thiab lawv cov kws qhia kis mob thiab tuag rau tus kab mob ntsws nrog ntshav los ntshav. Tus kab mob Nipah (NiV) thawj zaug tau txheeb xyuas ob peb xyoos tom qab xyoo 1998 hauv Nipah, Malaysia tom qab muaj kab mob hauv zos. Txij thaum ntawd los, muaj ntau qhov xwm txheej ntawm NiV thoob plaws ntiaj teb hauv ntau lub tebchaws tshwj xeeb hauv Malaysia, Bangladesh, thiab Is Nrias teb. Cov kab mob no feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev tuag siab ntawm tib neeg thiab tsiaj txhu.
Cov txiv ntoo puav (Cov pob kws), tseem hu ua ya hma liab, yog tej yam tsiaj reservoirs ntawm ob lub Hendra tus kab mob no (HeV) and the Nipah tus kab mob no (NIV). Kev kis tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov puav ntawm cov qaub ncaug, tso zis, thiab tso tawm mus rau tib neeg. Npua yog tus tswv tsev nruab nrab rau Nipah thaum nees yog tus tswv nruab nrab rau HeV thiab NiV.
Hauv tib neeg, cov kab mob HeV muaj cov tsos mob zoo li mob khaub thuas ua ntej ua rau tuag taus encephalitis thaum cov kab mob NiV feem ntau tshwm sim raws li kev puas hlwb thiab mob encephalitis thiab, qee zaum, mob ua pa. Kev kis tus neeg mus rau ib tus neeg tshwm sim nyob rau theem kawg ntawm kev kis kab mob1.
Henipaviruses yog cov kab mob loj heev. Cov no yog cov tawm sai sai zoonotic kab mob. Thaum Lub Rau Hli 2022, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tshaj tawm tus cwj pwm ntawm lwm tus kab mob henipavirus hu ua Angavokely tus kab mob no (AngV)2. Qhov no tau txheeb xyuas hauv cov zis kuaj los ntawm cov tsiaj qus, Madagascar txiv hmab txiv ntoo puav. Nws cov genome qhia tag nrho cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob hauv lwm cov kab mob henipaviruses. Qhov no kuj tuaj yeem dhau los ua teeb meem yog tias nchuav rau tib neeg, muab qhov tseeb tias puav tau noj ua zaub mov hauv Madagascar.
Lub Yim Hli 04, 2022, cov kws tshawb fawb3 qhia txog kev txheeb xyuas (tus cwj pwm thiab kev cais tawm) ntawm tseem muaj lwm tus kab mob henipavirus tshiab los ntawm caj pas swab ntawm cov neeg mob febrile thaum lub sij hawm soj ntsuam hauv sentinel. Lawv hu ua tus kab mob no Langya henipavirus (LayV). Nws yog phylogenetically ntsig txog Mojiang henipavirus. Lawv tau txheeb xyuas 35 tus neeg mob uas muaj tus kab mob LayV hauv Shandong thiab Henan xeev Tuam Tshoj. Tsis muaj lwm yam kab mob tshwm sim hauv 26 ntawm cov neeg mob no. Txhua tus neeg mob uas muaj LayV tau ua npaws thiab qee cov tsos mob. Shrews zoo li yog lub chaw cia khoom ntawm LayV, raws li kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov tsiaj me tau pom muaj LayV RNA hauv 27% ntawm cov shrews, 2% ntawm tshis thiab 5% ntawm dev.
Qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb no qhia tias LayV kab mob ua rau kub taub hau thiab cov tsos mob cuam tshuam ntawm cov neeg mob tau kawm thiab cov tsiaj me me yog cov neeg nruab nrab ntawm LayV. tus kab mob no.
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References:
- Kummer S, Kranz DC (2022) Henipaviruses—Kev hem thawj tsis tu ncua rau tsiaj txhu thiab tib neeg. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 16(2): e0010157. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010157
- Madera S., UA thiab al 2022. Discovery and Genomic Characterization of a Novel Henipavirus, Angavokely virus, from fruit bats in Madagascar. Tshaj tawm rau lub Rau Hli 24, 2022. Preprint bioRxiv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.06.12.495793
- Zhang, Xiao-Ai thiab al 2022. Ib tug Zoonotic Henipavirus hauv Febrile Cov Neeg Mob hauv Suav Teb. Lub Yim Hli 4, 2022. N Engl J Med 2022; 387: 470-472 : kuv. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2202705
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 and the Nipah virus (NiV) are already known to cause fatal disease in humans. Now, a novel henipavirus has been identified in febrile patients in Eastern China. This is phylogenetically distinct strain of henipavirus and has been named Langya henipavirus (LayV). The patients had recent history of exposure to animals hence suggestive of animal to human transfer. This seems to a newly emerged virus that has strong implications for human health){kind=link}