Kev nce siab ntawm mpox hauv Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) thiab hauv ntau lub tebchaws hauv Africa tau raug txiav txim siab los ntawm WHO los tsim kev kub ntxhov rau pej xeem kev noj qab haus huv ntawm kev txhawj xeeb thoob ntiaj teb (PHEIC) raws li International Health Regulations (2005) (IHR).
Pawg neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws tshaj lij tau txiav txim siab qhov kev nce siab ntawm mpox los ua PHEIC, nrog lub peev xwm nthuav dav ntxiv mus thoob plaws lub tebchaws hauv Africa thiab tej zaum sab nraud sab av loj. Pawg Thawj Coj tau hais tias, "Tam sim no kev nce siab ntawm mpox nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Africa, nrog rau kev sib kis ntawm tus kab mob sib deev tshiab ntawm tus kab mob liab, yog qhov xwm txheej ceev, tsis yog rau Africa nkaus xwb, tab sis rau tag nrho lub ntiaj teb. Mpox, keeb kwm hauv teb chaws Africa, raug tsis saib xyuas nyob rau ntawd, thiab tom qab ntawd ua rau muaj kev sib kis thoob ntiaj teb hauv xyoo 2022. Nws yog lub sijhawm los txiav txim siab los tiv thaiv keeb kwm tsis txhob rov ua dua nws tus kheej."
Nyuam qhuav pib, thaum Lub Xya Hli 2022, ntau lub tebchaws tau kis tus kabmob mpox tau tshaj tawm tias yog PHEIC vim nws kis tau sai heev ntawm kev sib deev thoob plaws ntau lub tebchaws. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau tshaj tawm nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 2023 tom qab kev poob qis hauv cov xwm txheej.
Kev tshwm sim thiab kev sib kis ceev ceev ntawm tus kab mob tshiab 'clade 1b' hauv DRC xyoo tas los, uas kis tau los ntawm kev sib deev, thiab nws qhov kev tshawb pom nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws nyob sib ze yog hais txog, thiab yog ib qho laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev tshaj tawm ntawm PHEIC. Lub hli dhau los, ntau tshaj 100 qhov chaw kuaj pom tseeb ntawm clade 1b tau tshaj tawm hauv Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda thiab Uganda uas tsis tau tshaj tawm mpox ua ntej.
Lub lim tiam dhau los, WHO tau pib ua txheej txheem rau Kev Sau Npe Siv Kub Kub (EUL) rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mpox. Qhov no yuav tsum ua kom nrawm dua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov tebchaws tau nyiaj tsawg uas tseem tsis tau tshaj tawm lawv tus kheej txoj cai tswjfwm kev pom zoo.
Ob qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv tam sim no siv rau mpox tau pom zoo los ntawm WHO. Rau cov neeg laus noj qab nyob zoo, uas tsis yog-replicating (MVA-BN), tsawg replicating (LC 16) los yog replicating tshuaj tiv thaiv raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (ACAM2000) yog tsim nyog. MVA-BN yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv mpox thib 3 uas tau txhaj tshuaj raws li ob koob tshuaj subcutaneous txhaj tshuaj tsawg kawg yog 4 lub lis piam sib nrug. Ob koob tshuaj 1 thiab 2 ntawm MVA-BN muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv mpox. LC16 thiab ACAM2000 yog ib koob tshuaj tiv thaiv mpox.
Mpox yog tus kab mob kis mus rau tib neeg los ntawm kev sib cuag lub cev nrog cov neeg muaj mob, lossis nrog cov khoom tsis huv, lossis nrog cov tsiaj muaj kab mob. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob monkeypox (MPXV) uas yog ob-kab DNA kab mob uas koom nrog genus Orthopoxvirus nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (VACV) thiab tus kab mob variola (VARV).
Tus kab mob liab kab mob (MPXV) muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob me me, tus kab mob tuag coob tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm muaj lub luag haujlwm rau kev puas tsuaj tsis sib xws ntawm tib neeg nyob rau ntau pua xyoo dhau los. Nrog rau kev tshem tawm tag nrho thiab kev tso tseg tom ntej ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob me me (uas tau muab qee qhov kev tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas tiv thaiv kab mob npaws ib yam nkaus), cov tib neeg tam sim no tau txo qis ntau ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob no. Qhov no piav qhia txog kev nce tam sim no thiab kis tus kab mob liab los ntawm nws cov cheeb tsam nyob hauv Africa.
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References:
- WHO Xov Xwm - WHO Tus Thawj Coj-Tus Thawj Coj tshaj tawm tshaj tawm mpox qhov tshwm sim rau pej xeem kev noj qab haus huv xwm txheej ntawm kev txhawj xeeb thoob ntiaj teb. Tshaj tawm Lub Yim Hli 14, 2024. Muaj nyob ntawm https://www.who.int/news/item/14-08-2024-who-director-general-declares-mpox-outbreak-a-public-health-emergency-of-international-concern
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Lwm yam khoom:
Monkeypox (Mpox) Vaccines: LEEJ TWG pib txheej txheem EUL (10 Lub Yim Hli 2024)
Virulent Strain of Monkeypox (MPXV) kis los ntawm kev sib deev (Lub Plaub Hlis 20, 2024)
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) variants muab lub npe tshiab (12 Lub Yim Hli 2022)
Puas yuav Monkeypox mus rau Corona? (23 Lub Rau Hli 2022)
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 and in many other countries in Africa has been determined by WHO to constitute a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) under the International Health Regulations (2005) (IHR).){kind=link}