Myopia (los yog ze-sightedness) nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam yog ib qho mob uas tsis pom kev. Nws tau kwv yees tias kev kis thoob ntiaj teb yuav ncav cuag li 50% los ntawm xyoo 2050 nrog txog 9.8% cov neeg cuam tshuam los ntawm myopia siab. Yog tias tsis kho, cov menyuam yaus uas muaj myopia siab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov muag tsis zoo xws li retinal detachment, myopic maculopathy, glaucoma, cataracts, thiab lwm yam tom qab lub neej. Kev lig kev cai siv ib lub qhov muag pom kev lo ntsiab muag (SVL) kho tus mob myopia tab sis tsis txhob qeeb nws txoj kev loj hlob. Cov kev siv zog ntawm kev saib pom-raws li kev tswj xyuas myopia tau coj cov duab zoo thaum, hauv 2021, ob lub lens tshiab tsim viz. Spectacle Lenses nrog Highly Aspherical Lenslets (HAL) thiab Spectacle Lenses nrog me ntsis Aspherical Lenslets (SAL), txhua tus nrog peripheral lo ntsiab muag pom tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev kuaj pom kev ua haujlwm thiab pom tias muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev tswj xyuas myopia. Cov kev tshawb fawb tom qab tau pom tias thaum ob qho tib si HAL thiab SAL txo tus nqi ntawm myopia kev loj hlob thiab axial elongation, HAL muaj kev tswj xyuas myopia zoo dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv HAL spectacles mus ntev txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm myopia siab thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov leeg pob txha thiab symmetry. Raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov pov thawj, US FDA tau tso cai ua lag luam rau 25 Cuaj hlis 2025 rau Essilor Stellest tsom iav qhov muag rau cov menyuam hnub nyoog 6 txog 12 xyoos. Cov cuab yeej muaj xws li "spectacle lenses nrog aspherical lenslets". Cov lo ntsiab muag muaj qhov pom tseeb 9 hli txoj kab uas hla hauv nruab nrab, uas yog ib puag ncig los ntawm cov khoom siv peripheral lenslets (me me, tsa cov dots) ntawm tus so ntawm lub lens. Lub peripheral lenslets muab peripheral lub teeb defocus, uas pab kom qeeb qhov kev loj hlob ntawm myopia. Essilor Stellest cov tsom iav qhov muag yog thawj qhov tsom iav qhov muag pom tias ua rau qeeb ntawm myopia hauv cov menyuam yaus.
Essilor Stellest tsom iav qhov muag, tsim los kho thiab tswj kev mob myopia hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 6 txog 12 xyoos tau txais kev tso cai ua lag luam los ntawm US FDA ntawm 25 Cuaj hlis 2025. Qhov kev tso cai yog raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm ob-xyoos ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev soj ntsuam sim uas pom Essilor Stellest qhov muag iav lo ntsiab muag slowed rau myopia ib leeg. Nws tau tso cai Breakthrough Device tsim ua ntej 30 Plaub Hlis 2021 kom nrawm nws txoj kev txhim kho thiab tshuaj xyuas.
Cov tsom iav Essilor Stellest yog cov tsom iav tsom iav nrog "aspherical lenslets". Cov lo ntsiab muag muaj qhov pom tseeb 9 hli txoj kab uas hla hauv nruab nrab, uas yog ib puag ncig los ntawm cov khoom siv peripheral lenslets (me me, tsa cov dots) ntawm tus so ntawm lub lens.
Lub peripheral lenslets muab peripheral lub teeb defocus, uas yuav pab tau kom qeeb kev loj hlob ntawm myopia nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam. Qhov no yog li cas Essilor Stellest spectacle lens yog ib qho kev txhim kho tshiab rau cov lo ntsiab muag tsis tu ncua siv los kho myopia.
Myopia nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam - ib qho tseem ceeb ntiaj teb no kev noj qab haus huv kev txhawj xeeb
Myopia (tseem hu ua ze-sightedness lossis short-sightedness) yog ib qho kev tsis pom kev uas cov khoom nyob ze pom tau meej, tab sis cov khoom nyob deb pom qhov muag plooj. Lub ntuj lo ntsiab muag thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov muag raug cuam tshuam rau hauv txoj kev uas cov duab ntawm cov khoom tsom mus rau pem hauv ntej ntawm retina es tsis txhob ntawm lub retina. Nws yog ib qho mob uas tsis pom kev zoo heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tub ntxhais hluas hnub nyoog 10-25 xyoo, uas tau xav tias qhov ntsuas ntawm kev txhawj xeeb txog kev noj qab haus huv thoob ntiaj teb tseem ceeb. Qee lub tebchaws Asian raug cuam tshuam loj tshaj plaws. Hauv Suav teb, kwv yees li 47% ntawm tag nrho cov pej xeem raug mob myopia hauv xyoo 2020. Feem ntau ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas yog 53.6% thiab tag nrho cov kis ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv qib siab tshaj 90%. Zoo sib xws yog pom nyob rau hauv East thiab South Asian lub teb chaws. Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, nws cuam tshuam txog li 40% ntawm cov pejxeem uas qhov muaj feem ntau ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas tau nce sai. Ntawm cov neeg nyob sab Europe dawb tag nrho yog kwv yees li 4.7% nrog 13.4% hauv Norway, 11.4% hauv Tebchaws Yelemees, thiab 19.9% hauv tebchaws Ireland. Prevalence yog qis tshaj plaws hauv Africa. Raws li cov qauv tam sim no, nws tau kwv yees tias kev kis thoob ntiaj teb yuav ncav cuag li 50% los ntawm xyoo 2050 nrog txog 9.8% cov neeg cuam tshuam los ntawm myopia siab. Yog tias tsis kho, cov neeg uas muaj myopia siab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov pom kev teeb meem (retinal detachment, myopic maculopathy, glaucoma, thiab cataracts) tom qab lub neej. Raws li kev pom ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus kab mob ntau zaus, ib qho qauv zoo rau kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj myopia hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas tau suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb. Kev tsom xam-raws li kev tswj hwm myopia yog txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb.
Novel tsim ntawm spectacle lo ntsiab muag rau kev tswj myopia
Kev siv zog rau kev saib xyuas raws li kev tswj xyuas myopia tau pib ua cov duab zoo nrog kev tshaj tawm (hauv 2021) ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm ob lub lens tshiab tsim rau lawv cov teebmeem ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev pom ntawm cov neeg laus uas pom kev. Txhua tus qauv tsim muaj peripheral lenslets. Ib qho kev pom kev pom ib leeg (SVL) tau siv los ua kev tswj hwm. Ob tug designs viz. Cov tsom iav tsom iav nrog Cov Lens Aspherical Highly (HAL) thiab Cov Lens Spectacle nrog Me ntsis Aspherical Lenslets (SAL) tau pom tias muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev tswj xyuas myopia vim lawv tsis pom qhov cuam tshuam rau kev kuaj pom kev ua haujlwm.
Xyoo tom qab xyoo 2022, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tau ua rau 157 tus menyuam los ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tsom iav tsom iav nrog lub ntsej muag aspherical (HAL) thiab me ntsis aspherical lo ntsiab muag (SAL) vis-a-vis tsoos ib leeg-pob qhov muag pom kev lo ntsiab muag (SVL) hauv kev tswj hwm myopia ntau xyoo tau luam tawm. Txoj kev tshawb no qhia tau hais tias thaum ob qho tib si HAL thiab SAL txo tus nqi ntawm myopia kev loj hlob thiab axial elongation, siab dua asphericity ntawm lenslets tswj myopia zoo dua, piv txwv li, HAL yog txuam nrog kev tswj myopia zoo dua. Qhov no coj HAL tsim nyob rau hauv tsom teeb.
Cov tsom iav tsom iav nrog Cov Lens Aspherical Highly (HAL) tiv thaiv myopia
Ib qho kev tshawb nrhiav 5 xyoos ntxiv (tshaj tawm rau 5 Lub Peb Hlis 2025) ntawm 43 tus neeg koom los ntawm thawj pawg HAL tau qhia tias kev siv cov tsom iav tsom iav nrog lub ntsej muag aspherical (HAL) tiv thaiv qhov sib npaug ntawm 3 xyoos ntawm myopia kev loj hlob thiab axial length (AL) elongation zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv HAL spectacles mus ntev txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm myopia siab. Lwm qhov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no (tshaj tawm rau 29 Lub Peb Hlis 2025) tau tshawb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm HAL ntawm qhov muag peripheral (PEL) thiab peripheral refraction (PR) hauv cov menyuam yaus pom tias kev hloov mus lossis txuas ntxiv hnav HAL tuaj yeem ua rau lub hauv nruab nrab thiab lub sijhawm ntev ntawm qhov muag ntev. Kev hnav cov tsom iav tsom iav nrog lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj aspherical (HAL) tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov muag teev thiab sib luag.
"Spectacle Lenses nrog Aspherical Lenslets" tau txais FDA qhov kev tso cai ua lag luam
Raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm ob-xyoos ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev sim uas pom Essilor Stellest tsom iav lo ntsiab muag ua rau lub ntsej muag tsis pom kev qeeb (raws li piv rau ib qho kev pom kev tswj lub qhov muag), US FDA tau tso cai kev lag luam rau 25 Cuaj hlis 2025 rau Essilor Stellest tsom iav lo ntsiab muag uas yog tsim los kho thiab tswj kev loj hlob ntawm myopia hauv cov me nyuam hnub nyoog 12 xyoo. Nws yog thawj cov tsom iav qhov muag pom tias ua rau qeeb ntawm myopia hauv cov menyuam yaus. Nws tau tso cai "txhim kho cov cuab yeej" ua ntej ntawm 30 Lub Plaub Hlis 2021 kom nrawm nws txoj kev txhim kho thiab tshuaj xyuas.
Txog rau tam sim no, kev tiv thaiv lub lens yog tib lub cuab yeej pom zoo los tswj kev mob myopia rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 8-12 xyoo. Qhov kev pom zoo tshiab Essilor Stellest tsom iav qhov muag muab kev xaiv rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 6-7 xyoo. Nws kuj tseem muaj qhov kev xaiv pheej hmoo tsawg rau txhua tus menyuam yaus uas pom tias nws nyuaj rau hnav cov lo ntsiab muag vim muaj cov xwm txheej tsis zoo xws li kis kab mob.
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References:
- Zhao, L., et al. Feem ntau thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam ntawm myopia ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas hauv Hangzhou. Sci Rep 14, 24615 (2024). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-73388-7
- Gao Y., thiab al 2021. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov tsom iav lo ntsiab muag rau kev tswj xyuas myopia ntawm kev pom kev ua haujlwm. Published: 16 September 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/opo.12878
- Bao J., et al. 2022. Spectacle Lenses Nrog Aspherical Lenslets rau Myopia Tswj vs Ib Lub Zeem Muag Pom Zoo Lenses: Ib Qhov Kev Ntsuas Randomized. JAMA Ophthalmol Luam tawm: 31 Lub Peb Hlis 2022; 140; (5): 472-478. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2022.0401
- Li, X., et al 2025. Myopia tswj kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tsom iav lo ntsiab muag nrog cov lo ntsiab muag aspherical heev: cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav 5 xyoo. Qhov muag thiab Vis 12, 10 (2025). Published: 05 March 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-025-00427-3
- Huang Y., thiab al 2025. Cov nyhuv ntawm cov tsom iav lo ntsiab muag nrog lub ntsej muag aspherical heev ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov muag peripheral ntev thiab asymmetry. Published: 29 March 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/opo.13500
- Kev sim tshuaj - Stellest Lens Wear hauv Cov Neeg Laus Progressing Myopes (SWAP). Muaj nyob ntawm https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06520124
- FDA Xov Xwm Tshaj Tawm. FDA tso cai rau kev lag luam ntawm Thawj Lub Qhov Muag Qhov Muag Pom Kev Ua Haujlwm qeeb ntawm Pediatric Myopia. 25 Cuaj hlis 2025. Muaj nyob ntawm https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-authorizes-marketing-first-eyeglass-lenses-slow-progression-pediatric-myopia
- Essilor. Kho koj lub zeem muag - Stellest. Muaj nyob ntawm https://www.essilor.com/uk-en/products/stellest/
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Tshooj cai
- 'Autofocals', Tus Qauv Tsom Pom Kev Kho Kom Zoo Presbyopia (Poob Tsis Pom Zoo) (4 Lub Xya Hli 2019)
- Bionic Qhov Muag: Kev cog lus ntawm lub zeem muag rau cov neeg mob nrog Retinal thiab Optic Nerve puas (Lub Ob Hlis 15, 2018)
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 in children is a highly prevalent vision condition. It is estimated that the worldwide prevalence will reach about 50% by the year 2050 with about 9.8% people affected by high myopia. If untreated, children with high myopia run increased risks of serious eye disorders like retinal detachment, myopic maculopathy, glaucoma, cataracts, etc later in life. Traditionally used single-vision spectacle lenses (SVL) correct myopia but do not slow its progression. The efforts towards spectacle-based myopia control took concrete shape when, in 2021, two novel lens designs viz. Spectacle Lenses with Highly Aspherical Lenslets (HAL) and Spectacle Lenses with Slightly Aspherical Lenslets (SAL), each with peripheral lenslets showed no effect on tested visual functions and were found to be safe for myopia control. Subsequent studies showed that while both HAL and SAL reduced the rate of myopia progression and axial elongation, HAL has better myopia control efficacy. Also, long-term use of HAL spectacles reduced the incidence of high myopia and could impact retinal steepness and symmetry. Based on evaluation of evidence, US FDA granted marketing authorisation on 25 September 2025 to Essilor Stellest eyeglass lenses for children 6 to 12 years old. The device comprises of “spectacle lenses with aspherical lenslets”. Lenses have a clear 9 mm diameter area in the centre, which is surrounded by rings of peripheral lenslets (tiny, raised dots) on the rest of the lens. The peripheral lenslets provide peripheral light defocus, which help to slow the progression of myopia. Essilor Stellest eyeglass lenses are the first eyeglass lenses shown to slow progression of myopia in children.){kind=link}