Caffeine Consumption Induces Reduction ntawm Grey Matter Volume

Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tib neeg tsis ntev los no tau pom tias tsuas yog 10 hnub ntawm kev noj caffeine ua rau muaj qhov txo qis ntawm cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm grey. teeb meem ntim nyob rau hauv lub nruab nrab temporal lobe¹, uas muaj ntau yam haujlwm tseem ceeb xws li kev paub, kev xav thiab kev khaws cia ntawm kev nco². Qhov no qhia tau tias tej zaum yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam sai, lub ntiaj teb tsis zoo ntawm kev haus caffeine, xws li los ntawm kas fes, ntawm lub hlwb haujlwm.

Caffeine yog lub hauv paus paj hlwb stimulant³. caffeine metabolises rau ntau lub tebchaw hauv lub cev, paraxanthine thiab lwm yam xanthines⁴. Lub ntsiab mechanisms ntawm kev txiav txim kho los ntawm caffeine thiab nws cov metabolites yog antagonism ntawm adenosine receptors, mobilization ntawm intracellular calcium cia thiab inhibition ntawm phosphodiesterases.⁴.

caffeine blocks A₁ thiab A_2A Adenosine receptors⁴, yog li nres adenosine exerting nws qhov kev txiav txim los ntawm cov receptors nyob rau hauv lub hlwb. A₁ receptors muaj nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab tuaj yeem inhibit qhov kev tso tawm ntawm neurotransmitters⁴. Yog li ntawd, qhov antagonism ntawm cov receptors no ua rau muaj kev nce hauv cov stimulatory neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine thiab glutamate.⁴. Tsis tas li ntawd, antagonism ntawm A_2A receptors nce lub signaling ntawm dopamine D₂ receptors⁴, ntxiv pab rau ib tug stimulant nyhuv. Txawm li cas los xij, adenosine muaj cov nyhuv vasodilatory thiab caffeine cov nyhuv ntawm kev thaiv cov adenosine receptors hauv lub hlwb ua rau txo cov ntshav khiav hauv lub hlwb.⁴ uas tej zaum yuav pab tau rau lub grey sai teeb meem atrophy pom nyob rau hauv medial temporal lobe los ntawm caffeine¹.

Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov calcium intracellular tuaj yeem ua rau kom muaj zog contractile ntau lawm los ntawm cov leeg pob txha uas yuav ua rau lub cev ua tau zoo txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm caffeine.⁴, thiab nws cov phosphodiesterase inhibition (uas ua rau vasodilatory teebmeem⁵) tsis pom zoo vim nws yuav tsum tau noj ntau heev ntawm caffeine⁴.

Cov teebmeem stimulatory ntawm caffeine ua rau muaj kev nce hauv dopaminergic signaling ua rau txo qis ntawm Parkinson tus kab mob.⁴ (raws li kev txo cov tshuaj dopamine ntseeg tias yuav pab tau tus kab mob). Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev tshawb fawb txog kev kis kabmob nrog qhov kev pheej hmoo tsawg ntawm kev tsim cov kab mob neurodegenerative, xws li Alzheimer's disease.⁴. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov txo qis ntawm cov ntshav hauv hlwb tuaj yeem muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo thiab tsim kom muaj kev sib cuam tshuam uas ua rau nws tsis paub meej tias caffeine yog qhov zoo lossis qhov tsis zoo rau lub hlwb vim nws cov tshuaj dopamine-nce ntxiv tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis hauv kev loj hlob ntawm Alzheimer's kab mob tab sis txawm tias caffeine's. ntau yam kev paub zoo los ntawm nws qhov kev ua haujlwm stimulatory, nws kuj muaj kev ntxhov siab-nce thiab "tawm tsam pw tsaug zog"³. Qhov no ua rau cov tshuaj psychostimulant ib txwm pom muaj qhov nyuaj heev thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tus kheej siv tshwj xeeb, xws li kev ua tau zoo-txhim kho cov teebmeem rau kev tawm dag zog, tab sis yuav tsum ua kom ceev faj siv vim tias inhibitory cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntshav cerebral thiab ua rau txo qis grey. teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub medial temporal lobe.

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References:  

1. Yu-Shiuan Lin, Janine Weibel, Hans-Peter Landolt, Francesco Santini, Martin Meyer, Julia Brunmair, Samuel M Meier-Menches, Christopher Gerner, Stefan Borgwardt, Christian Cajochen, Carolin Reichert, Txhua hnub Caffeine Intake Induces Concentration-Dependent Medial Nyob rau hauv tib neeg: Ib Multimodal Ob-dig muag Randomized tswj kev sim, Kab Cortex, Volume 31, Issue 6, June 2021, Pages 3096–3106, Published: 15 February 2021.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhab005  

2. Science Direct 2021. Topic- Medial Temporal Lobe.

3. Nehlig A, Daval JL, Debry G. Caffeine thiab lub hauv paus paj hlwb: mechanisms ntawm kev txiav txim, biochemical, metabolic thiab psychostimulant los. Brain Res Brain Rev. 1992 May-Aug; 17(2):139-70. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-0173(92)90012-b. PIB: 1356551. 

4. Cappelletti, S., Piacentino, D., Sani, G., & Aromatario, M. (2015). Caffeine: kev txawj ntse thiab lub cev kev ua tau zoo los yog tshuaj psychoactive?. Tam sim no neuropharmacology, 13(1), 71-88. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X13666141210215655 

5. Padda IS, Tripp J. Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors. [Hloov kho tshiab 2020 Nov 24]. Hauv: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Peb -. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559276/ 

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