Tsawg EROI ntawm Fossil Fuels: Case rau Kev Tsim Kho Cov Khoom Siv Txuas Ntxiv

Txoj kev tshawb fawb tau suav cov zog-rov qab-ntawm-kev nqis peev (EROI) piv rau fossil fuels los ntawm thawj zaug rho tawm mus txog rau theem kawg thaum cov roj siv tau npaj txhij. Nws tau xaus lus tias fossil fuels EROI ratios tsawg, poob qis thiab zoo ib yam li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab. Kev tsim kho cov nqi thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg txuas ntxiv dua tshiab yog xav tau los ua kom tau raws li peb cov kev xav tau ntawm lub zog.

Fossil fuels zoo li roj, thee thiab roj yog dominating lub zog tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. cov pob txha fuels yog ntseeg tau muab siab zog-return-on-investment (EROI). Qhov no yog qhov piv ntawm ntau npaum li cas lub zog xav tau los rho tawm a fossil roj qhov chaw xws li thee lossis roj thiab ntau npaum li cas lub zog siv tau qhov chaw no thaum kawg yuav tsim. cov pob txha roj xws li roj, roj thiab thee muaj siab EROI piv ntawm 1: 30 txhais tau tias ib lub thoob ntawm cov roj rho tawm tuaj yeem tsim tau 30 chim ntawm lub zog siv tau. Txij li EROI piv ntawm fossil fuels feem ntau ntsuas thaum lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem rho tawm los ntawm hauv av (thaum thawj theem), piv txwv li tam sim no tsis coj mus rau hauv tus account lub zog uas yuav tsum tau los hloov cov 'crude' los yog 'raw' cov ntaub ntawv mus rau usable fuels xws li petrol, diesel los yog hluav taws xob. zog.

Rau lwm cov tes, qhov chaw txuas dua tshiab of zog zoo li cua thiab hnub ci tau kwv yees kom muaj EROI piv qis dua 10: 1 uas yog qhov qis dua vim tias lawv xav tau kev tsim kho thawj zaug xws li windmills, hnub ci vaj huam sib luag thiab lwm yam uas tuaj ntawm tus nqi ntau. Txawm li cas los xij, fossil roj yog txwv nyob rau hauv cov khoom raws li ib hnub peb ntiaj chaw yuav khiav tawm ntawm lawv. cov pob txha roj kuj hnyav hnyav rau ib puag ncig. Lwm qhov chaw siv hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab yog qhov xav tau sai.

Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb luam tawm rau Lub Xya Hli 11 hauv Zog Zog tau tshawb xyuas lub ntiaj teb lub zog-rov qab-ntawm-kev nqis peev ntawm fossil fuels tshaj tag nrho lub sij hawm ntawm 16 xyoo nyob rau hauv thawj theem (extraction) thiab nyob rau hauv lub xeem tiav lawm theem. Thaum EROI piv rau theem pib yog kwv yees li 30: 1 thiab pom zoo nrog cov kev suav yav dhau los, cov kws tshawb fawb pom tias EROI piv rau theem tiav yog 6: 1. Tus lej no kuj tseem txo qis thiab zoo ib yam li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab.

Tus nqi ntawm kev rho tawm fossil fuels yog nce sai heev uas yuav sai sai no deplete lub 'net zog' rau tiav siv tau roj vim hais tias ntawm lub zog ntxiv yuav tsum tau ua raw fossil fuels. Tsis tas li ntawd, fossil fuels arn tsis yooj yim nkag mus tau ntxiv yog li yuav tsum tau muaj zog ntau dua kom tau muab rho tawm yog li ua kom tus nqi zog.

Txoj kev tshawb fawb tam sim no qhia tau hais tias EROI qhov piv ntawm fossil fuels tam sim no tau los ze zog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab. Cov peev txheej txuas ntxiv ntawm lub zog xav tau kev tsim kho thawj zaug xws li windmills, hnub ci vaj huam sib luag thiab lwm yam thiab yog li tsis suav tias muaj EROI zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, fossil fuels EROI ratios tau poob qis los ntawm yuav luag 23 feem pua ​​​​hauv 16 xyoo, yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau tshem tawm peb qhov kev vam khom rau cov fossil fuels thiab xaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv dua li cov nqi thiab ib puag ncig.

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{Koj tuaj yeem nyeem cov ntawv tshawb fawb thawj zaug los ntawm nyem rau ntawm DOI qhov txuas tau muab hauv qab no hauv cov npe ntawm cov khoom raug suav nrog}

Qhov (s)

Brockway, P. et al. 2019. Kev kwv yees ntawm lub ntiaj teb kawg theem kawg lub zog-rov qab-ntawm-kev nqis peev rau fossil fuels nrog kev sib piv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab. Ntuj Zog. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41560-019-0425-z