Monoclonal Antibodies thiab Protein Based Drugs tuaj yeem siv los kho cov neeg mob COVID-19

Cov tshuaj biologics uas twb muaj lawm xws li Canakinumab (monoclonal antibody), Anakinra (monoclonal antibody) thiab Rilonacept (fusion protein ) tuaj yeem siv los ua kev kho mob uas tiv thaiv kev o ntawm cov neeg mob COVID-19. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj monoclonal antibodies tsim qauv tuaj yeem muab kev tiv thaiv tsis siv neeg los ntawm kev ua kom tus kab mob SARS-CoV-2 tsis muaj zog kom tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob.

Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Tshuaj tab tom hloov nws txoj kev los ntawm cov tshuaj me me mus rau cov tshuaj biologics uas muaj cov protein thiab monoclonal antibodies ua kev kho mob. Qhov no yog vim muaj qhov tshwj xeeb siab dua ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua ntawm cov tshuaj protein thiab cov kev phiv tsawg dua thaum piv rau cov tshuaj me me. Cov tshuaj antibody uas tiv thaiv kev o yog ib tsev neeg tshuaj biologic loj tshaj plaws hauv cov khoom siv biotech / tshuaj.

Tus kab mob COVID-19 uas muaj thoob plaws ntiaj teb tsis ntev los no ua rau nws tseem ceeb dua los txheeb xyuas thiab sau cov tshuaj kho mob siv cov tshuaj uas twb muaj lawm ¹ los tawm tsam tus kab mob COVID-19. Ib qho ntawm lawv yog kev siv cov tshuaj monoclonal antibodies uas siv tau tawm tsam NLRP3 inflammasome, lub hom phiaj tshuaj tshiab uas tau hais hauv kuv tsab xov xwm hnub tim 9 ^Lub Tsib Hlis 2020. Tsab xov xwm no piav qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm NLRP3 inflammasome ua lub hom phiaj tshuaj tshiab rau kev kho COVID-19 ^2. Hauv qhov no, kev siv cov tshuaj monoclonal antibodies tawm tsam IL-1 (interleukin-1)-beta thiab interleukin-18 (IL-18), uas yog cov cim qhia txog kev ua haujlwm inflammasome ^3, tuaj yeem ua pov thawj zoo tawm tsam COVID-19 los ntawm kev txo qhov o thiab yog li pab cov neeg mob.

Tam sim no muaj Canakinumab, ib qho tshuaj monoclonal antibody uas tsom rau IL-1 beta muag raws li lub npe lag luam Ilaris ⁴ , yog ib qho tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus idiopathic mob caj dab thiab tus kab mob Still. Qhov no tuaj yeem sim thiab kuaj rau cov neeg mob COVID-19 kom txo qhov o thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, Anakinra, muag raws li Kineret®, yog ib qho recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) uas tuaj yeem siv los thaiv lub receptor thiab tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm IL-1 beta. Lwm yam biologic muaj yog Rilonacept (Arcalyst ^® ) ^4, ib qho dimeric fusion protein uas muaj cov ligand-binding domain ntawm tib neeg IL-1 receptor thiab IL-1 receptor accessory protein uas tuaj yeem sim los tiv thaiv IL-1 beta activation.

Ntxiv rau kev tsom mus rau cov txiaj ntsig tom qab ntawm COVID-19, xws li NLRP3 uas tau hais los saum toj no, kev tsim cov tshuaj monoclonal antibodies uas tuaj yeem tua tus kab mob thiab muab kev tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov pej xeem, kuj yog ib qho kev thov zoo kom txog thaum muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsim tau ^5,6,7.

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References:  

1. Soni, R., 2020. A Novel Approach to 'Repurpose' Existing Drugs For COVID-19. Kev tshawb fawb European. Published on May 7, 2020. Muaj nyob online ntawm http://scientificeuropean.co.uk/covid-19/a-novel-approach-to-repurpose-existing-drugs-for-covid-19/

2. Soni, R., 2020. NLRP3 Inflammasome: Lub Hom Phiaj Tshuaj Kho Mob Zoo Tshaj Plaws rau Kev Kho Mob hnyav rau cov neeg mob COVID-19. Kev tshawb fawb European. Published on May 09, 2020. Muaj nyob online ntawm http://scientificeuropean.co.uk/covid-19/nlrp3-inflammasome-a-novel-drug-target-for-treating-severely-ill-covid-19-patients/

3. Dolinay T, Kim YS, et al 2012. Inflammasome-regulated cytokines yog cov kws kho mob tseem ceeb ntawm kev mob ntsws ntsws. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 185 (11) (2012), pp. 1225-1234. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201201-0003OC 

4. Angeline XH Goh, Sebastien Bertin-Maghit, Siok Ping Yeo, Adrian Ho, Heidi Derks, Alessandra Mortellaro & Cheng-I Wang (2014) Ib tug tshiab tib neeg anti-interleukin-1β neutralizing monoclonal antibody uas qhia nyob rau hauv vivo efficacy, mAbs, 6:3 , 764-772, DOI: https://doi.org/ ib.10.4161/mab.28614  

5. Cohen, J. Designer antibodies tuaj yeem tiv thaiv COVID-19 ua ntej cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj txog. DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abe1740  

6. Ledford, H. 2020. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem yog tus choj rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob coronavirus - tab sis lub ntiaj teb puas tau txais txiaj ntsig? Xwm. Tshaj tawm rau 11^th Lub Yim Hli 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02360-y 

7. NIH.gov 2020. NIH nthuav tawm kev sim tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv tsev kho mob cov neeg mob COVID-19. Published on August 4, 2020. Muaj nyob online ntawm https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-launches-clinical-trial-test-antibody-treatment-hospitalized-covid-19-patients  

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