Polymersomes puas tuaj yeem ua tau zoo dua Kev xa lub tsheb rau COVID Vaccines?

Ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov khoom xyaw tau siv los ua tus nqa khoom kom xa tau zoo tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab txhim kho lawv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov no suav nrog peptides, liposomes, lipid nanoparticles thiab polymers rau npe ob peb. Tsis ntev los no, Lam thiab al piav qhia txog kev siv cov khoom siv cell membrane (ACM) polymersome thev naus laus zis ua lub tsheb xa khoom rau COVID-19 cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib kis kab mob uas ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig nkag mus rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob nthuav tawm cov hlwb, yog li tshem tawm lub zog tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kav ntev.  

Tib neeg tau kis tus kab mob txij li lub sijhawm immemorial. Ntau yam kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob thiab muaj los tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob, ntawm qhov kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib qho tseem ceeb vim nws muab kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntev ntev. Txawm li cas los xij, koob tshuaj tiv thaiv kev xa khoom thiab kev tshem tawm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tseem yog qhov nyuaj txij li thawj zaug koob tshuaj tiv thaiv tau ua tiav xyoo 1796 los ntawm Edward Jenner. Ntau txoj hauv kev tau tsim muaj xws li kev siv peptides, liposomes, lipid nanoparticles, polymers thiab lwm yam. kom kov yeej cov teeb meem no thiab kev yos hav zoov yog rau cov txheej txheem tshiab kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. tshuaj tiv thaiv uas ua rau muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob.  

Polymersomes yog ib lub tshuab zoo li no uas muaj tus kheej sib dhos nano-particles ua los ntawm rationally tsim polymers uas tau ntse siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj xa tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob cancer. ⁽¹⁾. Txoj kev tshawb no koom nrog kev xa tawm ntawm cGAMP (tus agonist ntawm stimulator ntawm interferon genes (STING)) raws li polymersomes uas ua rau muaj kev nce hauv kev ua tau zoo ntawm cGAMP uas ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob zoo uas cuam tshuam cov qog loj hlob thiab tsim kom muaj kev nco txaus los tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav. Kev siv cov polymerosmes tau raug tshuaj xyuas thiab piav qhia tias yog "kev hloov pauv thib rau hauv kev txhaj tshuaj" los ntawm David Dowling pawg. ⁽²⁾. Kev tshuaj xyuas piav qhia txog kev siv tus kheej sib dhos PEG-b-PPS polymersomes nrog OVA ua ib qho antigen thiab CpG ua ib qho adjuvant (CpG) los txhawb thiab txhim kho CD4 + T cell teb nyob rau hauv tus po thiab lymph nodes ⁽³⁾. Flash nanoprecipitation tau siv los ua cov txheej txheem scalable rau kev sib dhos ntawm tus kheej ntawm cov polymers uas ua rau polymersomes uas tuaj yeem siv los ua lub tsheb xa khoom. ⁽⁴⁾ . 

Lam et al tau siv los ntawm kev siv cov polymersomes tus kheej los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo xa cov SARS-CoV-2 spike protein nyob rau hauv antigen nthuav tawm cov hlwb ntawm cov nas. Cov ACM polymersomes no muaj amphiphilic block copolymer uas elicited muaj zog neutralizing antibody titers uas kav ntev li 40 hnub. ⁽⁵⁾. 

Polymersome technology yog li sawv cev rau cov cuab yeej cog lus rau kev xa khoom zoo tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv rau yav tom ntej. 

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References:  

1. Shae, D., Becker, KW, Christov, P. et al. Endosomolytic polymersomes nce kev ua haujlwm ntawm cyclic dinucleotide STING agonists los txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav. Nat. Nanotechnol. 14, 269–278 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-018-0342-5 

2. Soni, D., Bobbala, S., Li, S. et al. Kev hloov pauv thib rau hauv kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv menyuam yaus: immunoengineering thiab kev xa khoom. Tus Neeg Ua Haujlwm (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-020-01112-y 

3. Stano A, Scott EA, Dane KY, Swartz MA, Hubbell JA. Tunable T cell tiv thaiv ntawm cov protein antigen siv polymersomes vs. solid-core nanoparticles. Biomaterials. Peb Hlis 2013; 34(17): 4339-46. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.02.024 Epub 2013 Mar 9. PMID: 23478034. 

4. Sean Allen, Omar Osorio, Yu-Gang Liu, Evan Scott, Kev sib dhos yooj yim thiab kev thauj khoom ntawm theranostic polymersomes ntawm ntau qhov cuam tshuam flash nanoprecipitation, Phau ntawv Journal of Controlled Release, Volume 262, 2017, Nplooj 91-103, DOI; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.07.026  

5. Lam JH., Khan AK., et al 2021. Next generation vaccine platform: polymersomes as stability nanocarriers for a highly immunogenic and check SARS-CoV-2 spike protein subunit vaccine. Ua ntej. bioRxiv 2021.01.24.427729; Tshaj tawm Lub Ib Hlis 25, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.24.427729  

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